Conclusion/Relevance: “HD [hypolipid diet] was well tolerated by t-PAPS [thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome] and led to diet adequacy, with lower dietary lipids and higher fiber intake. Diet adequacy was accompanied by a decrease in the levels of plasma lipids and in BMI values. These findings demonstrate that nutritional intervention is feasible among PAPS patients with thrombosis and may contribute to the treatment of dyslipidemia, a condition that worsens these patients' prognosis. Even though treating dyslipidemia may improve APS prognosis, further studies are necessary to evaluate whether lipid lowering strategies play a role in preventing thrombotic events in APS.”
In the current study, researchers assessed the nutritional and lipid profiles before 44 participants started HD and after 3 and 6 months. Diet adherence was determined with 24-hour dietary recall.
The researchers found that total cholesterol (TC) and non-HDL-C levels decreased after 3 and 6 months, whereas LDL-C, TG, and HDL-C levels remained the same. Effects were most prominent in patients with high TC, LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels at baseline and in those without hypertension or obesity.
Limitations of the current study include it being single arm, with the possibility of either placebo effect or lifestyle changes impacting results. The size of the study was small due to the infrequency of thrombotic APS. Additionally, follow-up was short, and adherence to HD was prone to bias due to it being based on 24-hour recall.