Interpretation: Our data suggests that empagliflozin might slow kidney function loss and delay the estimated onset of projected ESKD in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease complicated by NRP.

Conclusions: 39-52% of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction in this real-world heart failure population were eligible for SGLT2-inhibitor treatment, corresponding to 11-14% of all heart failure patients. Compared to trial participants, eligible real-world patients were significantly older with worse renal function, more...

Conclusion: Improvement in the composite outcome of first HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death was highly concordant and robust across sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor trials. In contrast, secondary endpoints of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were statistically fragile, underscoring the need to power trials for...

Conclusion/Relevance: Lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity also contribute to impairments in vascular function, cardiac contractility, calcium signalling, oxidative stress, cardiac efficiency and lipoapoptosis. Lastly, changes in protein acetylation, protein methylation and DNA methylation contribute to a myriad of gene expression and protein...